AUDIENCE
REPRESENTATION
'The Male Gaze' - represents women as if through the eyes of a male heterosexual.
Related to thriller: hero / heroine in situation of threat - easily led.
'The Female Gaze' - women's answer to this theory.
Notion of looking, voyeurism.
John Fiske 'open / closed' texts' - how much of the text is left to our own interpretation?
Verisimilitude - how close does a media text get to reality?
Anti-realist films - opposite to verisimilitude.
Stuart Hall - TV 'fills in' our picture of the world through its representation.
NARRATIVE
Barthe's Theory (5 'codes') - setting up 'codes' or enigma (mysteries) and then solving them.
Related to productions: building tension to raise suspicion with audience.
Connotations and denotations within a media text.
Meanings arise out of conflicting ideas.
LANGUAGE
Stuart Hall - describes language as communications or anything that can communicate meanings.
Encoding / decoding texts.
Encoding - instruction
Decoding - interpretation
'Preferred Readings' - dominant (agree)
oppositional (disagree)
negotiated (agree in parts)
Saussure - semiotics: symbols to create meaning e.g. image motifs.
GENRE
Tom Ryall - 'a framework of structuring rules'.
Stephen Neale - repeated characteristics AND different characteristics not always expected to be found within that genre.
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